Variety

As civilization rapidly developed, human needs had increased and came with variety. There's no exception whether it is religion, politics, education, lifestyle, and even in economic markets. Yet with human needs came systems of provision. There are rights and duties to consider and it's never a choice, but it's a must. 

In business, there are 3 types of ownership. In accounting, this variety has its special treatments, every type of ownership is treated differently in accounting. First, proprietorship is what we usually encounter everyday. This is what I call "sure solo business". I'm a proprietor myself, i do business alone and i'm the owner, the manager,the sales officer, and cashier -- all in one. Yet proprietorship also has variety which will depend on the organizational structure. Next, partnership is defined by the word itself. There can be 2 or more owners with one or more general partners. There can be variety in partnership which will be dependent with the agreement between partners. Lastly,  the corporation, which is usually big time businesses. The ownership is broad and comes with variety.

In the market, there are 4 types of competition. It can be perfect, monopolistic, oligopoly, or a monopoly. The perfect competition which was discussed in class has a number of characteristics. It has many buyers and sellers, same product or services, and participants in this competition are price takers. A situation where perfect competition can be seen is among "kwek-kwek" vendors. We can see them anywhere, almost everywhere. Second is the monopolistic competition which is a form of imperfect competition where many competing producers sell products that are differentiated from one another (that is, the products are substitutes, but, with differences such as branding, are not exactly alike). As mentioned, a perfect example of this competition are the different boutiques in the mall. They are all sellers of clothes, bags, and shoes, but the designs are in variety. The buyers will be the ones to choose their preferred designs. Third, Oligopoly is a market form in which a market or industry is dominated by a small number of sellers (oligopolists). Because there are few sellers, each oligopolist is likely to be aware of the actions of the others. The decisions of one firm influence, and are influenced by, the decisions of other firms. This is a close competition among few oligopolists. Example is among airline companies. There are only a number of them and every time one offers promos to buyers, the other competitors make sure that they too will have promotional strategies. Lastly, monopoly exists when a specific individual or an enterprise has sufficient control over a particular product or service to determine significantly the terms on which other individuals shall have access to it. The example given was Xerox which reigned before as the only company that offers the photocopying machines. They have the right to set there prices and they don't have direct competitors compared to the other 3 types of competition.

Whatever it is, even if you disagree, everything in this human world comes in variety. Whether it is good or not, variety makes the world go round. Just like the different variety in colors, whatever your favorite is, the world has it -- it is in variety. 

Coconut levy fund

Coconut levy fund is an issue about CONTROL of Asia's biggest food and beverage company, San Miguel Corporation. For the government, these funds are likened to 750 million Damocles' swords hanging above the head of SMC Chairman Danding Cojuangco. Political Accomodation prevents government from dispensing justice.

Government has been under very tight leash because of the perceived political strength of Danding Cojuangco. He heads a big political party with a very extensive network of local politicians called NPC. It has previously aligned itself with Partido ng Masang Pilipino (PMP) of former president Joseph Estrada and is now poised to field its own presidential bet come May 2010.

There is no public participation in the decision-making process. It is not surprising that environmental laws are not enforced, and local chief executives are not held accountable by the President. The politics of accommodation rears its ugly head, at the expense of the people’s welfare, ecological integrity and our fledging democracy.

The  power and influence held by a political clan is buttressed by sweet dealings with some members of the business sector, and the support of the enforcement agencies. Political survival is primordial in the decisions made.

Governor Dominguez said, “The solution to the issues in peace and security, economy, environment, and social and human development always depends on the kind of governance a region has.One way of developing economy is that the government must initiate moves so that the business sector can come in.

It must provide incentives to the private sector and must encourage entrepreneurs to invest.” Mafin Tan, who represented the business sector, said, “ The peace and order in Mindanao is very critical. The problem is more of the image perception that Mindanao is not a safe place to do business. Once a businessman will develop a certain business, the government should cooperate because investments is one of the keys to solve poverty. Businessmen should get protection and infrastructure support from the government.”

The reality of politics always sets during elections.Candidates are forced to enter into horsetrading with big businesses and big politicos, national or local in stature, for campaign funds and to muster enough votes. So much has been changed by our politics.  It started during Erap’s time when big businesses and influential individual had their say on how government is run as Erap’s payback during his campaign.  This was emulated and further improvised by Gloria Arroyo when the rich and influential clearly have their say in government.  One can clearly see the hand of these businessmen and powerful cliques in every government decision and appointents to governmental positions.  This is the kind of politics that has dominated the country for the past 12 years.  While this kind of politics is effective in catapulting one to the Philippine presidency, this always result in political accomodation and the sacrifice of good governance and public service as shown both by the Estrada and Arroyo presidencies.